Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 6 Articles
Atrazine-induced toxicity in liver, kidney and brain were assessed. Seventy two Sprague dawley rats were divided into four groups of 12 female animals and 6male animals in each. Groups A, B and C were administered with atrazine @ 30, 60, 120 mg/kg b.wt/day respectively by oral gavage for 60 days where as group D served as control. At the end of 60th day all the rats were sacrificed and tissue samples were collected in 10% NBF. The histological examination of liver, kidney and brain revealed pathologically significant changes....
mice, in several studies. Buspirone is an anxiolytic psychoactive drug of the azapirone chemical\nclass that is not related to benzodiazepines, unlike most drugs predominately used. The purpose\nof the present study was to examine interaction between magnesium (Mg) and buspirone as a partial\nagonist of 5-HT1A receptors in producing anxiolytic-like activity in the elevated plus maze. The\nanxiolytic-like effect of Mg (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, orally), buspirone (5 mg/kg, i.p) and its interaction\nwith Mg (50 mg/kg) was evaluated after ten days treatment. Mg given at all doses (50, 100\nand 200 mg/kg) and buspirone (5 mg/kg) induced an anxiolytic-like effect significantly increasing\nthe percentage of the time spent in the open arms (%OAT), the percentage of the open arm entries\n(%OAE) and number of total entries. Percent time spend in open arms was reduced when buspirone\ncoadministered with Mg (50 mg/kg) compared to Mg alone. However, the number of entries\ndid not change significantly. No synergistic interaction (increased time in open arms and number\nof open arm entries) between Mg and buspirone was observed, in this test, on the contrary, %OAT\npreserved about buspirone effects and %OAE remained around Mg effect. The obtained data indicate\nthat Mg may act partly via serotonergic receptors due to buspirone�s inhibitory action as a\npartial agonist of serotonin receptor....
The objective of this study is to explore the effect of Ketaconazole on acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in Swiss Albino mice based on the hypothesis of inhibition of fungal colonization in the colon leads to decrease the inflammatory reactions involved in ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis was induced by 0.1 ml of (6% v/v) acetic acid and assessed clinical disease activity index everyday like body weight loss, stool consistency and gross bleeding. Animal was treated with Ketaconazole for seven days, on eighth day blood was withdrawn from retro orbital puncture, serum was separated and C - reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and total hemoglobin were also measured. Then animal were euthanized, colon were excised, washed and its length, histological changes and spleen weight were also measured. Colon tissue homogenate was subjected to measure myeloperoxidase assay, glutathione content, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide production and colonic IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations. Intracolonic administration of Ketaconazole doesn’t reduce the severity of acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis. Ketaconazole insignificantly prevents tissue myeloperoxidase accumulation, colon shortening, spleen enlargement, glutathione depletion, lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide production and fails to decrease colonic IL-6, TNF-α in inflammed colonic tissue. Serum concentrations of C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphate, total protein and total hemoglobin levels were also not altered into normal levels. The present study results confirmed that the Ketoconazole doesn’t possess any significant reduction in inflammation against acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis in mice....
The present study was conducted on 24 Wistar rats by administering isoniazid (ISN), rifampicin (RIF), vitamin E and Withania somnifera for 21 days. Whole blood and serum samples were collected on day 21 and were subjected to haematological and biochemical assays. The mean PCV, Hb and TEC values of group II showed a significant reduction in comparison to other groups, while the TLC values of group II showed significant increase in comparison to other groups. The serum AST, ALT and GGT activities were increased significantly in group II. Total cholesterol and triglycerides in toxic group were significantly increased, while the levels of HDL cholesterol and total protein were decreased in comparison to other groups. Enhanced lipid peroxidation in tissues was observed indicating oxidative damage. Vitamin E and Withania somnifera reversed the changes caused by ISN and RIF....
Agomelatine, a novel and clinically effective antidepressant MT1 and MT2 receptors agonist and 5HT2c receptor antagonist more significantly attenuates CNS complication more significantly attenuates CNS complication such as anxiety, depression, memory dysfunction, epilepsy and other mood behaviour (obsessive compulsive disorder, migraine, sleep disorder, psychosis, parkinsonism) in rodents by acting on receptor like GABA-A, NMDA, serotonergic receptors, dopamine, cholinergic, adrenergic, CRF receptor. Benzodiazepine drugs are widely used for the treatment of insomnia and other CNS mood behaviour. Nevertheless, their adverse effects, such as next-day hangover, dependence and impairment of memory, make them unsuitable for long-term treatment. Melatonin analogue has been used for improving sleep and circadian rhythm in patients with mood disorder mainly because it does not cause hangover or show any addictive potential. However, there is a lack of consistency on its therapeutic value (partly because of its short half-life and the small quantities of melatonin employed). Thus, attention has been focused either on the development of more potent melatonin analogs with prolonged effects or on the design of slow release melatonin preparations. Agomelatine is a novel melatonergic and serotonergic antidepressant attenuates CNS complication by restores disrupted biological rhythms, essentially by resetting the circadian clock also antioxidant activity of agomelatine showed in the prefrontal cortex, striatum and hippocampus of swiss mice....
Leptin is one of the best known hormone markers for obesity. There is a limited anthropometric\ndata in the Gaza Strip that reveals and arouses the nutritional status among all age groups especially\nadolescents aged 15 - 19 years old. The study aimed to assess the effect of Leptin hormone,\nlipid profiles, Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference among secondary school age students\nin the Gaza Strip. Methodology: A cross sectional study included 442 cases of teenagers aged\n15 - 19 years old from governmental and private schools in the Gaza strip. Blood samples were\ncollected for analysis of Leptin hormone and lipid profile and measuring waist circumference for\nthe teenager. Results: The mean of serum Leptin was (28.7) higher among cases than controls\n(28.1), but it was statistically insignificant (P = 0.85). It was found that there is a significant correlation\nbetween Leptin hormone and total cholesterol (Chol) (r = 0.24), high density cholesterol\n(HDL) (r = 0.27) and low density cholesterol (LDL) (r = 0.16). There was no relationship between\nLeptin hormone and triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.02). There was relationship between Leptin hormone\nand waist circumference in both males and females (r = 0.519, 0.544), respectively. There\nwas no statistical significant deference noticed between Leptin hormone of obese objects and Leptin\nhormone of normal BMI objects of the same age (t-test = 0.93, P = 0.85). Conclusion: There are\nsignificant correlations between Leptin hormone and total Chol, HDL and LDL except for TG, and\nthere were significant relationships between Leptin hormone and waist circumference which reflect\nthe central obesity among males and females. There is no association between Leptin level\nand BMI....
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